This chapter presents the current status of electricity generation in the world, and the role of nuclear power with an emphasis for this book on the contribution of pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs). Therefore, it is important for testing, design, and safe operation of PHWRs to verify how the new NIST REFPROP version differs from the previous one in terms of various thermophysical properties, and, in general, how heavy-water properties differ from those of light-water, which usually is used as a modelling fluid instead of heavy water in thermalhydraulics experiments. 10.0 in which “New reference equations of state for. (However, in industry properties dated to 1980s-1990s are still in use.) This year, NIST has announced releasing a new version of REPROP Ver. For a number of years, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) REFerence PROPerties (REFPROP) software Version 9.1 was used for this purpose. In support of operation of current PHWRs and Generation III+, and to develop SMRs and SCWRs with heavy water, a reliable source of thermophysical properties of heavy water is required. There are some developments to design Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) with heavy water, and, moreover, to develop high-thermal-efficiency Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) equipped with SuperCritical Water-cooled Reactors (SCWRs) (Generation-IV concept), which are based on current achievements in PHWR technologies. Currently, 48 Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) are in operation worldwide, and about 8 PHWRs are planned to be built.
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